Scottsdale, Arizona The Same Day Pamela Williams came back from an early morning run, took a shower, and got ready for a training session with her sensei. Before going to the dojo, Pamela wanted to build her muscle memory before the session still an hour or two away. Pamela decided to practice Aikido solo, donning her white wraparound jacket and black hakama pants typically worn by black belts like herself. Pamela valued moving efficiently without having to think about what she wanted to do in the moment; otherwise, she would be at a disadvantage with an assailant. Practicing in her living room, her heels were lined together. Her back foot slightly turned, knees bent and hips facing forward. She practiced her first move by stepping forward at an angle while cutting the air with her hand